Jakarta /dʒəˈkɑːrtə/,[note 1] officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta, is the capital and most populous city of the Republic of Indonesia.
Located on the northwest coast of the world's most populous island of Java, Jakarta is the country's economic, cultural and political center, with a population of 10,075,310 as of 2014.[5][6] The official metropolitan area, known as Jabodetabek (a name formed by combining the initial syllables of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi), is the second largest
in the world, yet the metropolis' suburbs still continue beyond it. Its
unofficial built-up (metropolitan) area covers Bogor, Tangerang,
Bekasi, Karawang, Serang, Purwakarta, Sukabumi and Subang regencies (123 districts),
also including Tangerang, Bekasi, Tangerang Selatan, Depok, Serang and
Cilegon Municipalities, which in total were home to 30,214,303
inhabitants as of 2010 census.[7]
Established in the fourth century as Sunda Kelapa, the city became an important trading port for the Kingdom of Sunda. As Batavia, it became the de facto capital of the Dutch East Indies. After the country's declaration of independence in 1945, the city—then called Djakarta—retained its status as capital of Indonesia. The city is currently the seat of the ASEAN Secretariat as well as important financial institutions such as the Bank of Indonesia, the Indonesia Stock Exchange,
and the corporate headquarters of numerous Indonesian companies and
multinational corporations. Jakarta's business opportunities, as well as
its potential to offer a higher standard of living, attract migrants
from all over Indonesia, making the city a melting pot of many
communities and cultures.[8]
Jakarta is listed as an alpha-global city in the 2012 Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network (GaWC) research.[9] Based on the global metro monitor by the Brookings Institution, in 2014, economic growth in Jakarta ranked 34th among the world's 200 largest cities.[10] Jakarta has grown more rapidly than Kuala Lumpur, Beijing, and Bangkok.[11]
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